同步模式之顺序控制

固定顺序

wait notify实现


@Slf4j(topic = "c.Test25")
public class Test25 {
    static final Object lock = new Object();
    // 表示 t2 是否运行过
    static boolean t2runned = false;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
            synchronized (lock) {
                while (!t2runned) {
                    try {
                        lock.wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                log.debug("1");
            }
        }, "t1");


        Thread t2 = new Thread(() -> {
            synchronized (lock) {
                log.debug("2");
                t2runned = true;
                lock.notify();
            }
        }, "t2");

        t1.start();
        t2.start();
    }
}


08:35:33.087 c.Test25 [t2] - 2
08:35:33.089 c.Test25 [t1] - 1

Park Unpark 版

可以看到，实现上很麻烦：

首先，需要保证先 wait 再 notify，否则 wait 线程永远得不到唤醒。因此使用了『运行标记』来判断该不该wait

第二，如果有些干扰线程错误地 notify 了 wait 线程，条件不满足时还要重新等待，使用了 while 循环来解决此问题

最后，唤醒对象上的 wait 线程需要使用 notifyAll，因为『同步对象』上的等待线程可能不止一个

可以使用 LockSupport 类的 park 和 unpark 来简化上面的题目：


@Slf4j(topic = "c.Test26")
public class Test26 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
            LockSupport.park();
            log.debug("1");
        }, "t1");
        t1.start();

        new Thread(() -> {
            log.debug("2");
            LockSupport.unpark(t1);
        },"t2").start();
    }
}

park 和 unpark 方法比较灵活，他俩谁先调用，谁后调用无所谓。并且是以线程为单位进行『暂停』和『恢复』，不需要『同步对象』和『运行标记』

交替输出

线程 1 输出 a 5 次，线程 2 输出 b 5 次，线程 3 输出 c 5 次。现在要求输出 abcabcabcabcabc 怎么实现

wait notify实现


class SyncWaitNotify {
    private int flag;
    private int loopNumber;

    public SyncWaitNotify(int flag, int loopNumber) {
        this.flag = flag;
        this.loopNumber = loopNumber;
    }

    public void print(int waitFlag, int nextFlag, String str) {
        for (int i = 0; i < loopNumber; i++) {
            synchronized (this) {
                while (this.flag != waitFlag) {
                    try {
                        this.wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                System.out.print(str);
                flag = nextFlag;
                this.notifyAll();
            }
        }
    }
}


public class TestOrder {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        test1();
    }

   
    private static void test1() {
        SyncWaitNotify syncWaitNotify = new SyncWaitNotify(1, 5);
        new Thread(() -> {
            syncWaitNotify.print(1, 2, "a");
        }).start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            syncWaitNotify.print(2, 3, "b");
        }).start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            syncWaitNotify.print(3, 1, "c\n");
        }).start();
    }

}


abc
abc
abc
abc
abc

Lock 条件变量版


class SyncLock extends ReentrantLock {
    Condition waitSet = this.newCondition();
    private int flag;
    private int loopNumber;

    public SyncLock(int flag, int loopNumber) {
        this.flag = flag;
        this.loopNumber = loopNumber;
    }

    public void print(int waitFlag, int nextFlag, String str) {
        for (int i = 0; i < loopNumber; i++) {
            this.lock();
            try {
                while (this.flag != waitFlag) {
                    try {
                        waitSet.await();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                System.out.print(str);
                this.flag = nextFlag;
                waitSet.signalAll();
            } finally {
                this.unlock();
            }
        }
    }
}


public class TestOrder {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        test2();
    }



    private static void test2() {
        SyncLock syncLock = new SyncLock(1, 5);
        new Thread(() -> {
            syncLock.print(1, 2, "a");
        }).start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            syncLock.print(2, 3, "b");
        }).start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            syncLock.print(3, 1, "c\n");
        }).start();
    }

  

}

该实现没有考虑 a，b，c 线程都就绪再开始

Park Unpark 版


class SyncPark {
    private int loopNumber;
    private Thread[] threads;

    public SyncPark(int loopNumber) {
        this.loopNumber = loopNumber;
    }

    public void setThreads(Thread... threads) {
        this.threads = threads;
    }

    public void print(String str) {
        for (int i = 0; i < loopNumber; i++) {
            LockSupport.park();
            System.out.print(str);
            LockSupport.unpark(nextThread());
        }
    }

    private Thread nextThread() {
        Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
        int index = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < threads.length; i++) {
            if(threads[i] == current) {
                index = i;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(index < threads.length - 1) {
            return threads[index+1];
        } else {
            return threads[0];
        }
    }

    public void start() {
        for (Thread thread : threads) {
            thread.start();
        }
        LockSupport.unpark(threads[0]);
    }
}


public class TestOrder {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        test3();
    }

    private static void test3() {
        SyncPark syncPark = new SyncPark(3);
        Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
            syncPark.print("a");
        });
        Thread t2 = new Thread(() -> {
            syncPark.print("b");
        });
        Thread t3 = new Thread(() -> {
            syncPark.print("c\n");
        });
        syncPark.setThreads(t1, t2, t3);
        syncPark.start();
    }
}